Week 3 Coverage Table
The table below mirrors the coverage sheet's assigned cases for Week 3 and links each item to its digest page. Entries marked supra re-assign a case already listed earlier in the week under a later subtopic; they point at the same digest.
Class. records how the case actually stands to the subtopic it was assigned under — DIRECT (the Court squarely applies the doctrine), ANALOGOUS (it decides the point under a different provision or doctrine), REJECTED (the Court found the doctrine not established), INCIDENTAL (the doctrine is mentioned but the disposition rests elsewhere). Reciting a REJECTED case as if it were DIRECT inverts the holding.
Recitation Map
One line per digested case — what it is assigned for, and how it came out.
| Case | What it is for | Disposition |
|---|---|---|
| BPI v. Hontanosas | I — How Criminal Actions are Instituted | — |
| Heirs of Delgado v. Gonzalez | I — How Criminal Actions are Instituted | WHEREFORE, we DENY the petition. We AFFIRM the 29 August 2008 Amended Decision of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. SP No. 101196. No pronouncement as to costs. > > SO ORDERED… |
| Lim v. Mejica | I — How Criminal Actions are Instituted | — |
| Llenes v. Dicdican | II — Prescription in Criminal Action | WHEREFORE, the instant petition is DISMISSED for want of merit. No pronouncement as to costs. > > SO ORDERED… |
| Zaldivia v. Reyes, Jr. | II — Prescription in Criminal Action | WHEREFORE, the petition is GRANTED, and the challenged Order dated October 2, 1991 is SET ASIDE. Criminal Case No. 90-089 in the Municipal Trial Court of Rodriguez, Rizal, is hereby DISMISSED on the ground of prescription. It is so ordered… |
| People v. Pangilinan | II — Prescription in Criminal Action | — |
| Arambulo v. Laqui | II — Prescription in Criminal Action | — |
| Corpus, Jr. v. People | II — Prescription in Criminal Action | ACCORDINGLY, the Petition is hereby GRANTED. The Decision and the Resolution of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR No. 43154 are REVERSED. Pastor Corpus, Jr. y Belmoro is ACQUITTED of the crime of Slight Physical Injuries on the ground of prescription. |
| People v. Consebido | II — Prescription in Criminal Action | WHEREFORE, the Petition is DENIED. Accordingly, the Decision dated January 6, 2021, and the Resolution dated January 5, 2022, of the Court of Appeals (CA) in CA-G.R. SP. No. 104075 are hereby AFFIRMED. So ordered… |
| Worldwide Web Corp. v. People | III.a — Who Must Prosecute: Private Crimes | WHEREFORE, the petitions are DENIED. The Decision of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR No. 26190 dated 20 August 2003 and its Resolution dated 27 November 2003 are AFFIRMED. > > SO ORDERED… |
| Busuego v. Office of the Ombudsman | III.a — Who Must Prosecute: Private Crimes | WHEREFORE the petition is DISMISSED The Resolutions of the Ombudsman dated 17 April 2009 and 11 October 2010 are AFFIRMED.' > > 'SO ORDERED… |
| People v. Sandiganbayan | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, and in view of the foregoing, the petition is hereby GRANTED. The Sandiganbayan's Resolutions dated January 9, 2002 and November 3, 2003 are REVERSED and the Information charging Castillo and the Arciagas with violation of Section 3(e) of RA No. 3019 is ordered REINSTATED. |
| Lazarte, Jr. v. Sandiganbayan | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | — |
| Quimel v. People | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, the instant petition is hereby DENIED. The Court of Appeals Decision in CA-G.R. CR No. 35509 finding petitioner Eduardo Quimvel y Braga also known as Eduardo/Edward Quimuel y Braga guilty beyond reasonable doubt of acts of lasciviousness is hereby AFFIRMED with MODIFICATION as follows:… |
| People v. Quitlong | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | Ronnie Quitlong found guilty of murder and sentenced to reclusion perpetua; Salvador Quitlong and Emilio Senoto, Jr. found guilty only as ACCOMPLICES and sentenced to an indeterminate penalty of 9 years and 4 months of prision mayor minimum to 13 years, 9 months and 10 days of reclusion temporal minimum, solidarily liable for damages; costs against appellants. |
| People v. Venus | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | — |
| Avecilla v. People | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | The modification by the Court of Appeals convicting the accused of qualified theft rather than simple theft being in order, the imposition of the penalty prescribed by the Indeterminate Sentence Law is CORRECT. Costs against the appellant. |
| People v. Lucas | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | The challenged Decision of 28 October 1992 of Branch 104 of the RTC of Quezon City in Criminal Cases Nos. Q-91-18465 and Q-91-18466 AFFIRMED subject to modifications: in Q-91-18465 the accused is sentenced to 34 years, 4 months and 1 day of reclusion perpetua and to pay P50,000.00 civil indemnity; in Q-91-18466 he is found GUILTY of ATTEMPTED RAPE only and sentenced to an indeterminate penalty of 4 years, 2 months and 1 day of prision correccional maximum to 10 years and 1 day of prision mayor maximum, and to pay P30,000.00 civil indemnity. Costs against the accused-appellant. |
| Zapanta v. People | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | Appeal DENIED. The June 27, 2005 decision and the November 24, 2005 resolution of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR No. 28369 AFFIRMED with MODIFICATION; petitioner Engr. Anthony V. Zapanta sentenced to suffer the penalty of reclusion perpetua. Costs against the petitioner. |
| Bacasmas v. Sandiganbayan | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | — |
| People v. Cristobal | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, the Demurer to Evidence filed by the accused is hereby denied for lack of merit. Reviewing further the records of this case, there is evidence and proof that the Demurrer to Evidence filed by the accused Cristobal is without express leave of court hence, under Section 15 par. |
| People v. Gerola | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, in view of the foregoing, the Appeal is DISMISSED for lack of merit and the Decision dated September 25, 2014 of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR. HC. No. 01277 is AFFIRMED with MODIFICATION. |
| People v. Prodenciado | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, the February 4, 2010 Decision of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR-HC No. 02861 is AFFIRMED with MODIFICATIONS in that appellant Jose Estalin Prodenciado is: (1) hereby found guilty beyond reasonable doubt of one count of STATUTORY RAPE and three counts of QUALIFIED RAPE; (2) sentenced t… |
| People v. Buca | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, in light of all the foregoing, the appeal is hereby DISMISSED. The Decision dated June 17, 2013 of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR-HC No. |
| People v. Quiapo | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, the appeal is DISMISSED. The assailed April 24, 2015 Decision of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR HC No. 00669-MIN is AFFIRMED with MODIFICATIONS: > > 1. In Criminal Case Nos. |
| People v. Delfin | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, premises considered, the Decision dated 29 August 2012 of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR-H.C. No. 04160 is hereby AFFIRMED with the following MODIFICATIONS: (1) that the amount of civil indemnity is increased from ₱50,000.00 to ₱75,000.00; (2) that the amount of moral damages is incre… |
| Rocaberte v. People | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, the petition is GRANTED, and the writ of certiorari prayed for is ISSUED, ANNULLING AND SETTING ASIDE the challenged Orders of respondent Judge dated August 12, 1985 and September 10, 1985 in Criminal Case No. |
| People v. Pareja | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, premises considered, the Decision of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR.-H.C. No. 03794 is hereby AFFIRMED with MODIFICATION. |
| Garcia v. CA | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, the instant petition is DENIED for lack of merit and the challenged decision of 13 February 1995 of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR No. 14324 is AFFIRMED. Costs against the petitioner. > > SO ORDERED… |
| Lee Pue Liong v. Cua Pue Chin Lee | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, the petition is DENIED for lack of merit. The Decision dated May 31, 2007 and Resolution dated January 31, 2008 of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. SP No. 81510 are hereby AFFIRMED. With costs against petitioner.' --- ## VI. RATIO DECIDENDI AND DOCTRINES ### A. Ratio Decidendi 1. |
| Senador v. People | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, the Decision dated May 17, 2011 and Resolution dated March 30, 2012 of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR No. 00952, finding Ramoncita Senador guilty beyond reasonable doubt of the crime of ESTAFA under par. 1 (b), Art. |
| People v. Quemeggen | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, premises considered, the appeal is DISMISSED. The Decision of the Court of Appeals dated December 28, 2006 in CA-G.R. CR-H.C. No. 01498, is AFFIRMED with MODIFICATION. Janito de Luna is further ordered to pay the heirs of police officer Emelito Suing ₱50,000.00 as civil indemnity. |
| People v. Delos Santos | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, the decision of the Regional Trial Court, Branch 38, Cagayan de Oro City, is hereby SET ASIDE, and another one is rendered holding herein accused-appellant GLENN DE LOS SANTOS guilty beyond reasonable doubt of (1) the complex crime of reckless imprudence resulting in multiple homicide wit… |
| People v. Jugueta | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, the instant appeal is DISMISSED. The Decision of the Court of Appeals dated January 30, 2012 in CA-G.R. CR HC No. 03252 is AFFIRMED with the following MODIFICATIONS: > > (1) In Criminal Case No. |
| Loney v. People | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, we DENY the petition. We AFFIRM the Decision dated 5 November 2001 and the Resolution dated 14 March 2002 of the Court of Appeals. > > SO ORDERED… |
| People v. Court of Appeals | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, PREMISES CONSIDERED, the petition is GRANTED. The assailed Decision dated June 6, 2008 of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR HC No. 00422-MIN is REVERSED AND SET ASIDE. |
| People v. Conte | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, subject to the above modification on the award of civil indemnity, the appealed decision of Branch 52 of the Regional Trial Court of Palawan (Puerto Princesa City) in Criminal Case No. |
| Sanchez v. Demetrious | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, the petition is DISMISSED. The respondent judge is DIRECTED to continue with the trial of Criminal Cases Nos. 101141, 101142, 101143, 101144, 101145, 101146 and 101147 and to decide them with deliberate dispatch. > > SO ORDERED… |
| People v. Domingo | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | Decision promulgated on September 24, 2015 AFFIRMED with MODIFICATION: accused SANDY DOMINGO y LABIS DECLARED GUILTY BEYOND REASONABLE DOUBT of SIMPLE RAPE under Article 266-A of the Revised Penal Code and penalized with reclusion perpetua; ORDERED TO PAY AAA P75,000.00 as civil indemnity, P75,000.00 as moral damages and P75,000.00 as exemplary damages, plus 6% interest per annum from finality until fully paid; costs of suit against the accused. |
| People v. Guillen | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | The judgment of the Court of First Instance of Manila is AFFIRMED by a unanimous vote; the accused is guilty of the complex crime of murder and multiple attempted murder and is sentenced to death. The death sentence shall be executed in accordance with article 81 of the Revised Penal Code, under authority of the Director of Prisons, on such working day as the trial court may fix within 30 days from the date the record shall have been remanded. |
| People v. Madali | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, except as hereinabove modified, the decision of the lower court is hereby affirmed. Costs against the appellants. > > SO ORDERED… |
| People v. Silvallana | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | — |
| People v. Barbas | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | — |
| Gallego v. Sandiganbayan | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE' clause. However, the Court En Banc held that: 'Modified as hereinabove stated as to the penalty, the decision appealed from is affirmed, with the costs against the appellant' is NOT applicable to this case as that belongs to Silvallana. |
| People v. Tabaco | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, no reversible error having been committed by the trial court in finding accused-appellant guilty of four (4) counts of Murder and one (1) count of Homicide with Frustrated Homicide, the judgment appealed from should be, as it is, hereby AFFIRMED, with the MODIFICATION that four sentences… |
| People v. Lucena | IV.b — Complaint or Information: Sufficiency | WHEREFORE, premises considered, the Decision of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR-H.C. No. 03371 dated 24 August 2009 finding herein appellant guilty beyond reasonable doubt of three counts of rape is hereby AFFIRMED with the MODIFICATIONS that: (1) the exemplary damages in the amount of ₱30,000.00… |
| People v. Degamo | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, the judgment of the lower court convicting appellant Roneto Degamo alias 'Roy' of qualified rape and sentencing him to suffer the penalty of DEATH is AFFIRMED with the MODIFICATION that appellant is ordered to pay complainant Ellen Vertudazo the amounts of Seventy-Five Thousand Pesos (P75… |
| People v. Jaralba | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, the appealed judgment is hereby AFFIRMED, with the modification as to the indemnity which is hereby increased from P30,000.00 to P50,000.00. Costs against appellants. > > SO ORDERED… |
| Pangilinan v. CA | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, the assailed Decision and Resolution of the Court of Appeals are AFFIRMED. Costs against petitioner. > > SO ORDERED… |
| Banal III v. Panganiban | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, the petition is DENIED. The October 15, 2004 Decision of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. SP No. 73017 and its March 17, 2005 Resolution, are AFFIRMED.' --- ## VI. RATIO DECIDENDI AND DOCTRINES ### A. Ratio Decidendi 1. |
| Kummer v. People | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, premises considered, the appealed decision dated April 28, 2006, convicting the petitioner of the crime of homicide, is hereby AFFIRMED. Costs against petitioner Leticia I. Kummer. SO ORDERED… |
| Gabionza v. CA | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, the petition is DENIED. The assailed DECISION of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. No. 49098-SP affirming that of the trial court which allowed the amendment of the Information charging petitioner with violation of RA No. 1161, as amended, is AFFIRMED. |
| People v. Reyes | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, the petition is GRANTED, and the writ of certiorari prayed for is ISSUED, ANNULLING AND SET SETTING ASIDE the challenged Orders of respondent Judge dated August 12, 1985 and September 10, 1985 in Criminal Case No. |
| Pacoy v. Cajigal | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, premises considered, the petition is DISMISSED. The Regional Trial Court, Branch 68, Camiling, Tarlac is DIRECTED to proceed with the trial of petitioner under the Information for Homicide in Criminal Case No. 02-42. > > SO ORDERED… |
| Fronda-Baggao v. People | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, we DENY the petition. The challenged Decision and Resolution of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. SP No. 58270 are AFFIRMED. Costs against petitioner. > > SO ORDERED… |
| Mendez v. People | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, premises considered, we DISMISS the petition for lack of merit, with costs against the petitioner. > > SO ORDERED… |
| Buhat v. CA | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, the petition is DISMISSED for lack of merit. The City Prosecutor of Roxas City is HEREBY ORDERED to file the correct Amended Information fully in accordance with the findings of fact set forth in the Resolution of the Secretary of Justice, dated February 3, 1994, and in disregard of the f… |
| People v. Montenegro | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, the petition is DISMISSED. The orders of the respondent court, dated 10 February 1977 and 22 February 1977 are AFFIRMED. The temporary restraining order issued on 21 March 1977 is LIFTED. This decision is immediately executory. > > SO ORDERED… |
| People v. Sandoval | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, the decision of the Regional Trial Court of Dagupan, Pangasinan, Branch 42, is AFFIRMED with the MODIFICATION that accused-appellant Noel Sandoval is found guilty of four (4) counts of simple rape committed against Teresa Micu and two (2) counts of simple rape committed against Victoria '… |
| Galvez v. CA | IV.c — Complaint or Information: Amendment or Substitution | WHEREFORE, judgment is hereby rendered DISMISSING the petition for certiorari and mandamus together with the petition for habeas corpus; DENYING, for lack of merit, the motion to cite respondent judge and prosecutor for contempt and to annul proceedings; and ORDERING the withdrawal and invalidation… |
| Union Bank v. People | V — Venue | WHEREFORE, premises considered, we hereby DENY the petition for lack of merit. Costs against the petitioners. > > SO ORDERED… |
| Macasaet v. People | V — Venue | WHEREFORE, the petition is GRANTED. The Decision dated 22 March 2002 and Resolution dated 6 January 2003 of the Court of Appeals are hereby REVERSED and SET ASIDE and the 24 November 1997 Decision of the Regional Trial Court, Branch 93, Quezon City, dismissing Criminal Case No. |
| People v. Grospe | V — Venue | WHEREFORE, the Decision of Respondent Judge of February 17, 1986 is hereby set aside and he is hereby ordered to reassume jurisdiction over Criminal Cases Nos. |
| People v. Guzman | V — Venue | WHEREFORE, the instant petition for certiorari and mandamus is DISMISSED, and the orders appealed from are hereby AFFIRMED. SO ORDERED… |
| Barrameda v. CA | V — Venue | WHEREFORE, premises considered, the petition is DENIED and the decisions of the trial court and Court of Appeals are hereby AFFIRMED with the modification that the petitioner is sentenced to an indeterminate penalty of two (2) years and four (4) months of prision correccional, as minimum, to ten (10… |
| People v. Panlilio | V — Venue | WHEREFORE, the decision finding the accused-appellant Danilo Panlilio guilty of kidnapping in Crim. Case No. 2351-V-93 and imposing upon him a prison term of reclusion perpetua, and to pay the costs, is AFFIRMED. As regards Crim. Case No. |
| Calme v. CA | V — Venue | — |
| Agustin v. Pamintuan | V — Venue | Petition GRANTED. The assailed Decision of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. SP No. 70629 SET ASIDE. The Regional Trial Court of Baguio City, Branch 3, DIRECTED TO QUASH the Informations and DISMISS the cases against petitioner Victor C. Agustin in Criminal Case Nos. 17892-R to 17895-R. |
| Foz Jr. v. People | V — Venue | WHEREFORE, the petition is GRANTED. The Decision dated November 24, 2004 and the Resolution dated April 8, 2005 of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CR No. 22522 are SET ASIDE on the ground of lack of jurisdiction on the part of the Regional Trial Court, Branch 23, Iloilo City. Criminal Case No. |
| Yalong v. People | V — Venue | WHEREFORE, the petition is DENIED. Accordingly, the Resolutions dated August 1, 2008 and March 10, 2009 of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. SP. No. 104075 are hereby AFFIRMED. > > SO ORDERED… |
| Sto. Tomas v. Salac | V — Venue | WHEREFORE, in G.R. 152642 and 152710, the Court DISMISSES the petitions for having become moot and academic. > > In G.R. 167590, the Court SETS ASIDE the Decision of the Regional Trial Court of Manila dated December 8, 2004 and DECLARES Sections 6, 7, and 9 of Republic Act 8042 valid and constitutio… |
| AAA v. BBB | V — Venue | Accordingly, the Information filed in Criminal Case No. 146468 is ordered REINSTATED. > > SO ORDERED.' --- ## VI. RATIO DECIDENDI AND DOCTRINES ### A. Ratio Decidendi 1. Standing of the Offended Party in Rule 45 Petitions: The Court ruled that AAA had the requisite personality to file the petition. |
Topic Notes
Explanatory notes carried in the coverage sheet for the outline items themselves, as distinct from the assigned cases.
a. Private Crimes
Adultery, concubinage, seduction, abduction, and acts of lasciviousness are 'private crimes' that cannot be prosecuted de officio — meaning a public prosecutor cannot initiate the case on his own initiative, no matter how strong the evidence. Adultery and concubinage require a complaint by the offended spouse, filed against both guilty parties, and pardon by that spouse (whether express or implied, such as by cohabiting with the offender afterward) bars prosecution entirely. Seduction, abduction, and acts of lasciviousness may be initiated by the offended party or, in a specific order of preference, by the parents, grandparents, or guardian, reflecting the law's judgment that these offenses touch matters best left to the discretion of the family primarily affected.
a. Definition
A complaint is a sworn written statement charging a person with an offense, subscribed by the offended party, a peace officer, or another public officer charged with enforcement of the law violated. An information, by contrast, is an accusation in writing charging a person with an offense, subscribed by the prosecutor and filed with the court; it need not itself be under oath, because the prosecutor who files it already acts under the oath of his office as a public officer. Both documents serve the same core function — formally accusing a specific person of a specific offense — but differ in who may execute them and at what stage of the process each is typically used.